Located in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, Keoladeo Ghana National Park, formerly known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, is one of the most renowned bird sanctuaries in the world. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this national park is a paradise for birdwatchers and wildlife enthusiasts. Spread across 29 square kilometers, the park is home to over 370 species of birds, along with a diverse range of flora and fauna.
This guide provides a detailed overview of Keoladeo Ghana National Park, including its opening hours, attractions, ticket fees, booking procedures, and nearby places to explore.
History and Overview
Established as a royal duck hunting reserve in the 18th century, Keoladeo Ghana was later declared a protected sanctuary in 1971 and a national park in 1982. It earned UNESCO World Heritage status in 1985 due to its ecological significance as a wintering ground for migratory birds like the Siberian Crane, which travel thousands of kilometers to nest here.
The name “Keoladeo” comes from an ancient Shiva temple located within the park, while “Ghana” refers to its dense forest cover.
Flora and Fauna
Flora
The park features a mix of wetlands, woodlands, grasslands, and scrub forests. Trees like babool (Acacia), kadamb, and jamun are common, while aquatic vegetation thrives in the marshy areas.
Fauna
The park is globally celebrated for its avian diversity, but it also hosts other wildlife, including:
- Birds: Siberian Cranes, Painted Storks, Sarus Cranes, Pelicans, and Kingfishers.
- Mammals: Nilgai (blue bull), Sambar, Golden Jackals, and Indian Porcupines.
- Reptiles: Indian Rock Python, Turtles, and Monitor Lizards.
Main Attractions
- Bird Watching
Keoladeo Ghana is a haven for bird lovers, especially during the winter months when migratory birds flock here. Bring binoculars and enjoy spotting rare and colorful species. - Rickshaw Safari
Local rickshaw pullers, trained as naturalists, offer guided tours, providing insights into the park’s biodiversity. - Boating in the Wetlands
During the monsoon and winter seasons, parts of the park are submerged, offering boating experiences through the serene wetlands. - Keoladeo Temple
The ancient Shiva temple within the park is a peaceful spot for visitors and offers a glimpse into the region’s cultural history. - Photography
The park’s unique landscape and vibrant wildlife make it a photographer’s delight.
Timings and Days of Operation
- Opening Hours:
- Summer (April to September): 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM
- Winter (October to March): 6:30 AM to 5:00 PM
- Closed Days:
The park is open every day of the year, including public holidays.
Ticket Fees
- Indian Nationals: ₹75 per person
- Foreign Nationals: ₹500 per person
- Children (below 12 years): ₹40 per child
- Rickshaw Safari: ₹150 per hour per rickshaw
- Boating: ₹150 per person
Note: Prices may vary slightly, so check with the park authorities for the latest rates.
Booking Procedure
Visitors can purchase tickets:
- Online: Visit the official Rajasthan Tourism website or authorized travel platforms to book tickets in advance.
- On-site: Tickets are available at the park’s entrance gate.
For guided rickshaw or boating tours, bookings can be made on-site based on availability.
How to Reach
By Air
- Nearest Airport: Jaipur International Airport (185 km)
From Jaipur, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to Bharatpur.
By Train
- Nearest Railway Station: Bharatpur Junction (5 km)
Bharatpur is well-connected by trains to major cities like Delhi, Jaipur, and Agra.
By Road
- Bharatpur is located on the Golden Triangle tourist circuit and is easily accessible via road. It is:
- 56 km from Agra
- 185 km from Jaipur
- 200 km from Delhi
Local transport, such as taxis, auto-rickshaws, and cycle-rickshaws, is readily available to reach the park.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to visit Keoladeo Ghana National Park is from October to March, when migratory birds, including the Siberian Crane, arrive. Avoid the summer months (April to June) as temperatures can soar above 40°C.
Nearby Attractions
- Lohagarh Fort (5 km)
An impregnable fort in Bharatpur, known for its rich history and robust architecture. - Deeg Palace (34 km)
A stunning palace complex featuring Mughal-style gardens, fountains, and royal chambers. - Taj Mahal, Agra (56 km)
One of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Taj Mahal is just an hour’s drive from Bharatpur. - Fatehpur Sikri (40 km)
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this Mughal-era city is famous for its impressive architecture.
Important Facts
- World Heritage Status: Keoladeo Ghana was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985 due to its ecological importance.
- Siberian Crane: Once a regular visitor, the Siberian Crane’s population has declined due to habitat loss. Conservation efforts are ongoing to revive their migration.
- Eco-Friendly Travel: The park encourages eco-friendly exploration, and motorized vehicles are not allowed inside. Visitors can walk, cycle, or take rickshaw tours.
Tips for Visitors
- Carry a pair of binoculars for better birdwatching.
- Wear comfortable clothing and sturdy footwear, as you may need to walk long distances.
- Visit early in the morning for the best wildlife sightings.
- Carry water and light snacks, but avoid littering inside the park.
- Respect wildlife and maintain a safe distance.
Conclusion
Keoladeo Ghana National Park is not just a haven for birdwatchers but a destination that offers tranquility, natural beauty, and a deep connection with wildlife. Its rich history, ecological significance, and stunning biodiversity make it a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts and travelers alike.
Whether you’re an avid birder, a photographer, or someone seeking a peaceful retreat, Keoladeo Ghana National Park promises an unforgettable experience. Plan your visit and immerse yourself in the wonders of this magnificent sanctuary!